Electrification of London Underground

Electrification is the process of powering by electricity and, in many contexts, the introduction of such power by changing over from an earlier power source.^¹ In the context of history of technology and economic development, electrification refers to the build-out of the electricity generation and electric power distribution systems.^¹ In the context of sustainable energy, electrification refers to the build-out of super grids and smart grids with distributed energy resources to accommodate the energy transition to renewable energy and the switch of end-uses to electricity.^¹