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Global2008
On this day (07/31), 18 years ago: East Coast Jets Flight 81 crashes near Owatonna Degner Regional Airport in Owatonna, Minnesota, killing all eight people on board.
East Coast Jets Flight 81 was a business jet flight operated by East Coast Jets that crashed on July 31, 2008 while attempting a go-around at Owatonna Degner Regional Airport near Owatonna, Minnesota, killing all eigh… - summary
Global2002
On this day (05/22), 24 years ago: Civil rights movement: A jury in Birmingham, Alabama, convicts former Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry of the 1963 murder of four girls in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing.
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. - summary
Global2001
On this day (10/04), 25 years ago: Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 crashes after being struck by an errant Ukrainian missile. Seventy-eight people are killed.
Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 was a commercial flight shot down by the Ukrainian Air Force over the Black Sea on 4 October 2001, en route from Tel Aviv, Israel, to Novosibirsk, Russia. - summary
South Africa1994Elections
South Africa's newly elected Parliament convened, formally dismantling apartheid legislation and establishing a constitutional democracy after centuries of racial rule.
Its nine provinces are bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic, and Indian Ocean; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe - summary
Russia1994Wars
Russia's military intervention to suppress Chechen secession marked a brutal post-Soviet conflict with significant civilian casualties and documented war crimes.
The First Chechen War, also referred to as the First Russo-Chechen War, was a conflict between the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria and the Russian Federation from 1994 to 1996. - summary
Rwanda1994Wars
Neighbors with machetes. Radio broadcasts with kill lists. A hundred days of hell.
On April 6, 1994, a plane carrying Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana was shot down near Kigali, igniting a meticulously planned genocide. - summary
Poland1989Elections
Solidarity's electoral victory shattered communist rule in Eastern Europe and triggered the Soviet bloc's cascading collapse.
First Free Settlers Monument is a heritage-listed memorial at Sandgate Road, Nundah, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. - summary
Global1985Festivals
The largest simultaneous rock concert held across London and Philadelphia raised £40 million for Ethiopian famine relief and became a defining moment in celebrity activism.
On July 13, 1985, Bob Geldof and Midge Ure organized Live Aid, a dual-venue benefit concert held simultaneously at Wembley Stadium in London and JFK Stadium in Philadelphia. - summary
United States1980Disasters
The catastrophic volcanic eruption killed 57 people and reshaped volcanic science and American Pacific Northwest geology.
Helens in Skamania County, Washington experienced a catastrophic explosive eruption which had a volcanic explosivity index of 5. - summary
Global1980
On this day (05/20), 46 years ago: In a referendum in Quebec, the population rejects, with 60% of the vote, a government proposal to move towards independence from Canada.
The 1980 Quebec independence referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the place of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty. - summary
China1976Disasters
A 7.6 magnitude earthquake flattens the industrial city of Tangshan in seconds, killing an officially estimated 240,000 people—one of the deadliest seismic events in modern history.
The 1976 Tangshan earthquake was a Mw 7.6 earthquake that hit the region around Tangshan, Hebei, China, at 19:42:55 UTC on 27 July. - summary
Vietnam1973Wars
Paris Peace Accords end direct U.S. combat role after decades of war; precedes final North Vietnamese victory in 1975.
The Paris Peace Accords, officially the Agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Viet-Nam, was a peace agreement signed on 27 January 1973 to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War. - summary
United States1969Tech launches
ARPANET's first message transmission laid the foundation for the global internet and transformed modern communication.
The Internet originated in the efforts of scientists and engineers to build and interconnect computer networks. - summary
Singapore1965Elections
Lee Kuan Yew's expulsion from Malaysia triggered Singapore's independence and its transformation into a global financial hub within a generation.
It provided the legal and constitutional framework for Singapore's formal secession from Malaysia, wherein it ceased to be a constituent state and assumed the status of an independent and sovereign nation. - summary
Soviet Union1963Tech launches
Valentina Tereshkova's orbital flight proved women's equal capability in spaceflight and became an iconic Cold War victory.
Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova is a Russian engineer, politician, and former Soviet cosmonaut. - summary
United Kingdom1963Elections
Secretary of State John Profumo's resignation over a security scandal triggered the most damaging political crisis in post-war British governance and reshaped public trust.
The Profumo affair was a major scandal in British politics during the early 1960s. - summary
Democratic Republic of the Congo1960Wars
Belgian Congo's abrupt independence devolved into civil war, Cold War intervention, and Lumumba's assassination—a defining post-colonial tragedy.
The Congo Crisis was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo. - summary
Spain1939Wars
Franco's victory in Spain concluded a brutal proxy conflict that presaged WWII ideological divisions and remains a seminal event in twentieth-century European history.
The Spanish Civil War was fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalist rebels. - summary
Spain1939Wars
Franco's nationalist victory concluded Europe's bloodiest pre-WWII conflict and installed a fascist dictatorship lasting four decades.
The international response to the Spanish Civil War included many non-Spaniards participating in combat and advisory positions. - summary
France1936Elections
France's leftist coalition triumph introduced the 40-hour work week and two weeks' paid leave, redefining labor across Europe.
A popular front is any coalition of working-class and/or middle-class entities, including liberal and social democratic ones, united for a purpose. - summary