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United States1941Wars
Japan's surprise assault on the US naval base catapulted America into World War II and redefined global military strategy forever.
On December 7, 1941, the Empire of Japan launched a surprise military strike on the United States Pacific Fleet at its naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu, Hawaii Territory. - summary
United Kingdom1940Wars
The RAF's aerial victory over the Luftwaffe in 1940 prevented German invasion and proved air power decisive in modern warfare.
The Battle of Britain was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) of the Royal Navy defended the United Kingdom against large-scale attacks by Nazi G… - summary
United Kingdom1937Festivals
George VI's coronation following the abdication crisis was broadcast live to millions, cementing radio as the medium of state ceremony.
The coronation of George VI and his wife, Elizabeth, as king and queen of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, Emperor and Empress of India took place at Westminster Abbey, London, on Wedn… - summary
United States1929Disasters
The stock market crash of October 1929 triggered a global economic catastrophe that defined a decade and reshaped modern capitalism.
The period was marked by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and business failures around the world. - summary
United States1929Awards
The inaugural Academy Awards ceremony in Hollywood established what would become cinema's most prestigious honor and a defining cultural institution of American entertainment.
They are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) in the United States in recognition of excellence in cinematic achievements around the world, as assessed by the Academy's voting … - summary
Monaco1929Sports
The Monaco Grand Prix established motorsport's most prestigious and technically challenging street circuit race.
The Monaco Grand Prix is a Formula One motor racing event held annually on the Circuit de Monaco, in late May or early June. - summary
United States1920Elections
The 19th Amendment's ratification on August 18, 1920 enfranchised 26 million American women overnight, doubling the electorate.
The legal status of women in the United States has advanced significantly over the past two centuries, but not yet equal to that of men in comparison to other high-income democracies. - summary
United States1903Sports
The inaugural World Series matched the Boston Americans against the Pittsburgh Pirates, establishing what became America's annual championship spectacle.
Baseball and the other modern bat, ball, and running games – stoolball, cricket and rounders – were developed from folk games in early Great Britain, Ireland, and Continental Europe. - summary
Sudan1898Wars
In the 1880s, Sudan had fallen under the control of the Mahdi and his successor, the Khalifa Abdullahi ibn Muhammad, who led a religious insurgency that rejected Egyptian and British authority. - summary
United States1891Tech launches
Tesla's demonstration of wireless transmission and the coil bearing his name pioneered modern electromagnetic technology and wireless power concepts.
Location: United States - key fact
United Kingdom1877Sports
The inaugural Wimbledon tournament in London became the oldest continuously held sporting event in the world and the foundation of modern competitive tennis.
Prize Money: £12 (winner), £6 (runner-up) - key fact
United States1865Wars
John Wilkes Booth's assassination of President Lincoln just days after Lee's surrender deepened national tragedy and upended hopes for smooth Reconstruction.
On April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, was shot at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., one month into his second term and towards the conclusion of the American Civil War. - summary
United States1865Wars
American Civil War Ends
Clothing adapted to these new roles, becoming more practical and functional as women took on additional responsibilities. - summary
United States1860Elections
Lincoln's victory without a single Southern electoral vote precipitated secession and ignited the American Civil War.
A United States presidential election was held on November 6, 1860. - summary
China1858Wars
The Second Opium War's pivotal treaty opened China's interior to Western trade and diplomatic presence, reshaping East Asian geopolitics.
The Treaty of Tientsin, also known as the Treaty of Tianjin, is a collective name for several unequal treaties signed at Tianjin in June 1858. - summary
United States1857Elections
Dred Scott Decision: Supreme Court Affirms Slavery
Dred Scott Decision: Supreme Court Affirms Slavery (1857) - United States. - summary
Austria1815
Congress of Vienna Reshapes Europe
A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. - summary
United States1788Elections
Ratification of the U.S. Constitution established the world's first modern constitutional republic and enduring separation of powers.
The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America. - summary
Vatican City1582Launches
Pope Gregory XIII's calendar reform corrected the Julian calendar's drift, establishing the timekeeping system used worldwide today.
The principal change was to space leap years slightly differently to make the average calendar year 365.2425 days long rather than the Julian calendar's 365.25 days, thus more closely approximating the 365.2422-day "t… - summary
Mongolia1205Wars
Temüjin unified the Mongol tribes and initiated campaigns that would forge history's largest contiguous land empire by mid-century.
The Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan started the conquest with small-scale raids into Western Xia in 1205 and 1207. - summary