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United States1960Protests
Black college students occupied segregated lunch counters in Greensboro, igniting a youth-driven civil rights offensive that transformed American politics.
Sit-ins challenging racial segregation had taken place in earlier years as well, including demonstrations in the Great Plains region in 1958–1960 and other cities prior to Greensboro. - summary
China1958Disasters
Mao's catastrophic agricultural collectivization experiment triggered a famine killing tens of millions, among history's deadliest human-made disasters.
The famine that followed was neither natural nor accidental—it was the direct consequence of policy choices made by Mao and his inner circle. - summary
United States1951Tech launches
Ampex Corporation demonstrated the first practical videotape recorder, enabling broadcasters to record and replay live television for the first time.
Videotapes have also been used for storing scientific or medical data, such as the data produced by an electrocardiogram. - summary
United States1939Tech launches
HP's founding in a Palo Alto garage became the symbolic origin of Silicon Valley and established the modern tech enterprise.
HP developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components, as well as software and related services, to consumers, small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), and fairly large companies, including customers in gov… - summary
Italy1939Wars
Mussolini's conquest of Albania represented Italian expansion in the Balkans and demonstrated Axis ambitions immediately before World War II began.
Albania was rapidly occupied, its ruler King Zog I went into exile in the neighboring Kingdom of Greece, and the country was made a part of the Italian Empire as a protectorate in personal union with the Italian Crown. - summary
Spain1937Wars
Nazi and Fascist warplanes obliterated the Basque town on Franco's behalf, pioneering aerial terror tactics that horrified the world.
The town was being used as a communications centre by Republican forces just behind the front line, and the raid was intended to destroy bridges and roads. - summary
United States1931Protests
Nine African-American teenagers were falsely accused of rape in Alabama, sparking decades of retrials and becoming a landmark civil rights case.
It is commonly cited as an example of a legal injustice in the United States legal system. - summary
Switzerland1925Protests
The first international treaty to ban biological and chemical weapons, the Geneva Protocol established binding international law against weapons of mass destruction and shaped modern arms control.
It was signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925 and entered into force on 8 February 1928. - summary
United States1919Protests
The first general strike by an American city paralyzed Seattle for five days and demonstrated labor's growing organizational power.
The national offices of the AFL unions were opposed to the shutdown. - summary
New Zealand1919Elections
On September 19, 1893, the Electoral Act 1893 received royal assent, making New Zealand the first self-governing country in the world to grant women the right to vote in parliamentary elections. - summary
Russia1917Revolutions
The October Revolution brought the Bolsheviks to power and established the first communist state, reshaping global politics.
His relations with Lenin have been a source of intense historical debate. - summary
United States1908Tech launches
William Durant's consolidation of automobile manufacturers created the world's largest car company and a template for industrial conglomeration.
This suit created lingering suspicions that the defendants had in fact plotted to dismantle streetcar systems in many cities in the United States as an attempt to monopolize surface transportation. - summary
United Kingdom1906Elections
The 1906 landslide gave the Liberal Party a massive mandate for sweeping social reforms, establishing the modern welfare state.
The Liberals under Henry Campbell-Bannerman won a landslide victory against a bewildered Conservative Party, in which its leader, Arthur Balfour, lost his seat; the party won the lowest number of seats it ever had in … - summary
United Kingdom1906Launches
Britain's revolutionary battleship design with turbine engines and all-big-gun armament reshaped naval warfare strategy globally.
The 1906 ship, which revolutionized battleship design, became one of the Royal Navy's most famous vessels; battleships built after her were referred to as "dreadnoughts", and earlier battleships became known as pre-dr… - summary
United States1901Festivals
Buffalo's grand fair showcased electric illumination and cutting-edge industrial design, though it ended with McKinley's assassination that autumn.
The highway connects 14 countries: Canada, the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, and Argentina. - summary
Canada1892Sports
The Stanley Cup competition began in Canada, creating North America's first professional sports championship and hockey's most storied trophy.
Fish has previously served as the Davidson-Kahn Distinguished University Professor of Humanities and a professor of law at Florida International University and is dean emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts and Scien… - summary
Australia1891Protests
Wool shearers across Queensland and New South Wales staged Australia's first major industrial labor action, establishing the template for unionist political power in the antipodes.
It was formed on 12 June 1886 at a public meeting at Fern's Hotel, Ballarat, to resist a proposed reduction of shearing rates in Victoria and New South Wales, with David Temple as secretary and William Spence as presi… - summary
United States1880Festivals
The opening of the first permanent amusement park, revolutionizing public entertainment and establishing the modern carnival tradition.
This was formerly the westernmost of the Outer Barrier islands on the southern shore of Long Island, but in the early 20th century it became connected to the rest of Long Island by land fill. - summary
United States1876Wars
Frederick Benteen held defensive positions and survived, but the Indian forces controlled the battlefield. - summary
