# Canonical recap data for Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty Signed (1979)
# Source: https://recap.at/1979/israel-egypt-peace-treaty
# Format: YAML 1.2 (UTF-8). Generated at request time.
slug: israel-egypt-peace-treaty
canonicalUrl: "https://recap.at/1979/israel-egypt-peace-treaty"
title: Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty Signed
aliases:
- Camp David Accords
- Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty
- Israeli-Egyptian Peace Treaty
- March 26, 1979
subtitle: Carter brokered peace. Begin and Sadat actually signed it.
recapType: global_event
eventStatus: concluded
startDate: 1979-01-01
datePrecision: year
year: 1979
decade: 1970
country:
name: Israel
slug: israel
summaryShort: Israel and Egypt signed a historic peace treaty on March 26, 1979, ending 30 years of conflict and making Egypt the first Arab nation to formally recognize Israel.
summaryLong: |-
  On March 26, 1979, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat signed the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty on the White House lawn, with U.S. President Jimmy Carter as witness and architect. The agreement ended the state of war between the two nations that had persisted since Israel's 1948 founding, marked by four major conflicts including the devastating 1973 Yom Kippur War. Carter had orchestrated the breakthrough during 13 days of intensive negotiations at Camp David in September 1978, where Begin and Sadat hashed out the framework that would become the treaty.

  The deal's core terms were straightforward but seismic: Israel would withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula, which it had occupied since 1967, returning it fully to Egyptian control by April 1982. In exchange, Egypt formally recognized Israel's right to exist and agreed to establish diplomatic relations-a dramatic shift for the Arab world's most populous nation. The two countries would establish embassies, allow free passage through the Suez Canal, and normalize trade. For Sadat, the treaty promised economic aid and the restoration of Egyptian territory; for Begin, it meant removing Israel's largest military threat and securing its southern border.

  The pact didn't come without cost. Arab nations and the Palestine Liberation Organization condemned Sadat as a traitor for negotiating separately rather than as part of a unified Arab position. The Arab League suspended Egypt's membership, and several Arab states severed diplomatic ties. Within Egypt itself, Sadat faced growing opposition from Islamic fundamentalists and nationalist hardliners who saw the treaty as capitulation. Begin, too, faced domestic criticism from Israeli right-wingers opposed to surrendering the Sinai.

  Historically, the treaty proved durable. It remains the only peace agreement between Israel and an Arab state (until the Abraham Accords of 2020), and the Israeli-Egyptian border has held as one of the Middle East's most stable. The treaty earned Begin and Sadat the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978, though Sadat's embrace of peace with Israel contributed to his assassination by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad on October 6, 1981. Carter's role in brokering the deal stands as the defining foreign policy achievement of his presidency.
lede: Israel and Egypt ended three decades of war by signing a peace treaty on March 26, 1979, after intensive U.S.-brokered negotiations. The agreement required Israel to withdraw from territory it had occupied since 1967 and Egypt to formally recognize Israel as a state. It was a watershed moment in Middle Eastern history-and a decision that cost Egypt's president his life.
heroImageUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg/1280px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg"
heroImageCredit: Wikipedia · "Egypt–Israel peace treaty"
importance: 50
sourceConfidence: 50
keyFacts:
- label: Date signed
  value: March 26, 1979
- label: Location
  value: White House, Washington, D.C.
- label: Israeli Prime Minister
  value: Menachem Begin
- label: Egyptian President
  value: Anwar Sadat
- label: U.S. President
  value: Jimmy Carter
- label: Camp David negotiations
  value: September 5-17, 1978
- label: Israeli withdrawal deadline
  value: April 25, 1982
- label: Nobel Peace Prize recipients
  value: Begin and Sadat, 1978
- label: Years of war ended
  value: 30 years (1948-1979)
timeline:
- date: 1948-01-01
  title: Israel's founding triggers Arab-Israeli conflict
  description: Israel declares independence on May 14, 1948. Egypt, along with other Arab states, invades in response, beginning the first of four major wars between Israel and Egypt over the next 25 years.
- date: 1967-06-05
  title: Six-Day War and Sinai occupation
  description: Israel defeats Egypt and captures the Sinai Peninsula in a swift six-day conflict. Occupation of the territory becomes a central sticking point in future peace negotiations.
- date: 1973-10-06
  title: Yom Kippur War erupts
  description: Egypt launches a surprise military assault on Israel to reclaim the Sinai. The war lasts three weeks, kills thousands, and leaves both sides exhausted. It sets the stage for diplomatic opening.
- date: 1977-11-19
  title: Sadat visits Israel
  description: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat makes a historic trip to Jerusalem and addresses the Israeli Knesset, signaling willingness to negotiate peace directly with Israel-a dramatic break from Arab consensus.
- date: 1978-09-05
  title: Camp David negotiations begin
  description: President Jimmy Carter invites Begin and Sadat to Camp David, the presidential retreat in Maryland, for intensive, private peace talks. Negotiations run for 13 days.
- date: 1978-09-17
  title: Camp David Accords framework agreed
  description: Begin and Sadat agree on a framework for peace after Carter's mediation. The agreement outlines terms for Israeli withdrawal from Sinai and Egyptian recognition of Israel. Begin and Sadat are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize later that year.
- date: 1979-03-26
  title: Peace treaty signed at White House
  description: Israel and Egypt formally sign the peace treaty on the White House lawn, with Carter as witness. The treaty ends the state of war, commits Israel to Sinai withdrawal by April 1982, and establishes diplomatic relations between the nations.
- date: 1979-04-01
  title: Arab League suspends Egypt
  description: In response to the peace treaty, the Arab League votes to suspend Egypt's membership and calls for economic sanctions. Several Arab nations sever diplomatic ties with Egypt.
- date: 1981-10-06
  title: Sadat assassinated
  description: President Anwar Sadat is killed by members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad during a military parade in Cairo. His advocacy for peace with Israel had made him a target for Islamic fundamentalists and Arab nationalists.
- date: 1982-04-25
  title: Israeli withdrawal from Sinai complete
  description: Israel completes its full withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula, ending 15 years of military occupation. Egypt regains full control of the territory.
sources: []
related: []
relationships:
- targetSlug: camp-david-accords-1978
  type: evolved_from
  confidence: 95
  evidence: The March 1979 Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty was the direct outcome of negotiations and framework established at Camp David in September 1978; Carter's mediation produced both the accords and the bilateral treaty as complementary documents.
  source: ai
- targetSlug: israeli-independence
  type: responded_to
  confidence: 85
  evidence: Egypt's recognition of Israel in the 1979 treaty reversed 31 years of Arab League rejection of Israeli sovereignty; the treaty represented the first formal Arab acceptance of Israel's legitimacy since 1948.
  source: ai
- targetSlug: suez-crisis
  type: responded_to
  confidence: 80
  evidence: The 1979 treaty resolved the territorial dispute that triggered the 1956 Suez Crisis; Israeli withdrawal from Sinai by 1982 finally settled the territorial question that had dominated Israeli-Egyptian relations since 1948.
  source: ai
gallery:
- url: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg/1280px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg"
  thumbnailUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg/800px-Flickr_-_Government_Press_Office_%28GPO%29_-_THE_TRIPLE_HANDSHAKE_IN_THE_PEACE_TREATY_SIGNING_BETWEEN_ISRAEL_AND_EGYPT.jpg"
  caption: Egypt–Israel peace treaty
  credit: Wikipedia · "Egypt–Israel peace treaty"
  width: 330
  height: 336
- url: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729561495%29.jpg/1280px-Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729561495%29.jpg"
  thumbnailUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729561495%29.jpg/800px-Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729561495%29.jpg"
  caption: Carter, Sadat, and Begin at the Peace Treaty Signing, March 26, 1979 (10729561495)
  credit: Central Intelligence Agency from Washington, D.C.
  width: 717
  height: 559
- url: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729864453%29.jpg/1280px-Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729864453%29.jpg"
  thumbnailUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729864453%29.jpg/800px-Carter%2C_Sadat%2C_and_Begin_at_the_Peace_Treaty_Signing%2C_March_26%2C_1979_%2810729864453%29.jpg"
  caption: Carter, Sadat, and Begin at the Peace Treaty Signing, March 26, 1979 (10729864453)
  credit: Central Intelligence Agency from Washington, D.C.
  width: 640
  height: 432
- url: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Minister_for_Enrgy%2C_Yitzhak_Moday_held_a_press_conference_on_the_peace_agreement_with_Egypt_and_the_agreement_signed_for_supplying_fuel_to_Israel_%28FL45763412%29.jpg/1280px-thumbnail.jpg"
  thumbnailUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Minister_for_Enrgy%2C_Yitzhak_Moday_held_a_press_conference_on_the_peace_agreement_with_Egypt_and_the_agreement_signed_for_supplying_fuel_to_Israel_%28FL45763412%29.jpg/800px-thumbnail.jpg"
  caption: Minister for Enrgy, Yitzhak Moday held a press conference on the peace agreement with Egypt and the agreement signed for supplying fuel to Israel (FL45763412)
  credit: IPPA photographer
  width: 3319
  height: 1991
culturalContext:
topMusic:
- title: My Life
  artist: Billy Joel
  year: 1978
  note: Released during peak Camp David negotiations; reflective introspection dominated Western pop.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
- title: I Will Survive
  artist: Gloria Gaynor
  year: 1978
  note: Anthemic resilience song; peace efforts framed as overcoming historical adversity.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
- title: The Main Event
  artist: Barbra Streisand and Neil Diamond
  year: 1979
  note: Released same year as treaty signing; pop culture celebrated dramatic historical turning points.
  referenceCard:
  status: not_found
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
topFilms:
- title: Apocalypse Now
  year: 1979
  note: Released same month as treaty; explored U.S. military intervention and its moral complexity.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
- title: The China Syndrome
  year: 1979
  note: Political thriller about institutional cover-ups; reflected 1970s skepticism of government.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
- title: Kramer vs. Kramer
  year: 1979
  note: Explored changing social structures and personal negotiations, mirroring diplomatic compromise.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
topTVShows:
- title: 60 Minutes
  note: Prime investigative journalism vehicle; provided extensive coverage of Camp David negotiations and Sadat.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
- title: The Muppet Show
  note: Cultural escapism dominated television; serious geopolitical news compartmentalized from entertainment.
  referenceCard:
  status: ok
  checkedAt: "2026-05-26T12:47:19.334Z"
zeitgeistNote: The late 1970s were marked by post-Watergate skepticism of American power, yet Carter's diplomacy at Camp David represented a moment of hope in U.S. foreign policy. The signing was framed by media as a rare triumph of negotiation over military confrontation-a narrative that resonated after Vietnam and during the hostage crisis in Iran.
comparisonThenNow:
- metric: Israeli-Egyptian military clashes
  thenValue: Four major wars since 1948
  thenYear: 1979
  nowValue: Cold peace with no large-scale combat since 1973
  nowYear: 2024
  note: The treaty eliminated the primary existential threat Israel faced from its most populous Arab neighbor.
- metric: U.S. military aid to Egypt (annual)
  thenValue: Minimal; Egypt aligned with Soviet Union
  thenYear: 1978
  nowValue: $1.3 billion annually
  nowYear: 2024
  note: Egypt became one of the largest recipients of U.S. military assistance, second only to Israel.
- metric: Arab League membership status
  thenValue: Suspended following treaty signature
  thenYear: 1979
  nowValue: Full member since 1989; Egypt hosts Arab League headquarters
  nowYear: 2024
  note: Egypt's readmission signaled broader Arab acceptance of the peace framework.
- metric: Israeli settlements in disputed territories
  thenValue: Roughly 50,000 Israelis in Sinai and West Bank combined
  thenYear: 1979
  nowValue: Approximately 600,000 in West Bank; Sinai evacuated per treaty
  nowYear: 2024
  note: The treaty succeeded in Sinai but failed to arrest settlement expansion elsewhere.
- metric: Palestinian statehood progress
  thenValue: Camp David framework promised autonomy negotiations
  thenYear: 1979
  nowValue: No independent Palestinian state; autonomy remains incomplete
  nowYear: 2024
  note: The bilateral nature of the treaty left the Palestinian question unresolved for 45 years.
impactStatement: On March 26, 1979, Israel and Egypt signed a peace treaty at the White House, ending three decades of warfare and fundamentally reshaping the Middle East. The agreement, brokered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter at Camp David, was the first peace accord between Israel and an Arab nation, breaking the unified Arab opposition that had defined regional politics since 1948.
consequences:
- title: Israeli withdrawal from Sinai Peninsula
  year: 1982
  description: Israel completed its phased withdrawal from the Sinai, returning territory captured in the 1967 Six-Day War. The process involved evacuating Israeli settlements and military positions, fundamentally altering Israel's strategic posture.
- title: Egypt's suspension from Arab League
  year: 1979
  description: Arab states suspended Egypt's membership in the Arab League in response to the peace treaty, isolating Sadat's government politically within the Arab world for over a decade.
- title: Camp David framework enables Palestinian autonomy talks
  year: 1979
  description: The same accords established a framework for Palestinian self-governance negotiations, though these talks ultimately stalled and never resulted in a final agreement.
- title: Anwar Sadat's assassination
  year: 1981
  description: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, the treaty's primary architect, was assassinated by members of the Islamic Jihad organization who opposed the peace agreement and his secular governance.
- title: U.S. military aid to Egypt increases significantly
  year: 1979
  description: The United States became Egypt's largest military donor, providing billions in aid as part of the peace dividend, cementing Egypt's strategic alignment with the West.
- title: Regional arms race and Palestinian resistance intensification
  year: 1982
  description: The treaty's bilateral nature left Palestinian concerns unresolved, contributing to the rise of the PLO's armed struggle and Israel's 1982 invasion of Lebanon in response to cross-border attacks.
archiveSnapshots: []
categories:
- war
metaDescription: Camp David Accords yield historic treaty. Israel withdraws from Sinai. Egypt recognizes Israel. First Arab nation to do so. Cold War geopolitics shift. Middle East realignment begins.
originSignals:
- "wikipedia:israel-egypt-peace-treaty"
translations:
es:
lede: Israel y Egipto terminaron tres décadas de guerra al firmar un tratado de paz el 26 de marzo de 1979, después de negociaciones intensivas mediadas por Estados Unidos. El acuerdo requería que Israel se retirara del territorio que había ocupado desde 1967 y que Egipto reconociera formalmente a Israel como estado. Fue un momento decisivo en la historia de Oriente Medio, y una decisión que le costó la vida al presidente de Egipto.
summaryShort: Israel y Egipto firmaron un histórico tratado de paz el 26 de marzo de 1979, terminando 30 años de conflicto e hizo de Egipto la primera nación árabe en reconocer formalmente a Israel.
summaryLong: |-
  El 26 de marzo de 1979, el Primer Ministro israelí Menachem Begin y el Presidente egipcio Anwar Sadat firmaron el Tratado de Paz Israel-Egipto en el jardín de la Casa Blanca, con el Presidente estadounidense Jimmy Carter como testigo y arquitecto del acuerdo. El tratado terminó el estado de guerra entre las dos naciones que había persistido desde la fundación de Israel en 1948, marcado por cuatro conflictos mayores incluyendo la devastadora Guerra de Yom Kippur de 1973. Carter había orquestado el avance durante 13 días de negociaciones intensivas en Camp David en septiembre de 1978, donde Begin y Sadat elaboraron el marco que se convertiría en el tratado.

  Los términos principales del acuerdo eran directos pero sísmicos: Israel se retiraría de la Península del Sinaí, que había ocupado desde 1967, devolviéndola completamente al control egipcio antes de abril de 1982. A cambio, Egipto reconocería formalmente el derecho de Israel a existir y acordó establecer relaciones diplomáticas, un cambio dramático para la nación más poblada del mundo árabe. Los dos países establecerían embajadas, permitirían el paso libre a través del Canal de Suez y normalizarían el comercio. Para Sadat, el tratado prometía ayuda económica y la restauración del territorio egipcio; para Begin, significaba eliminar la mayor amenaza militar de Israel y asegurar su frontera sur.

  El pacto no vino sin costo. Las naciones árabes y la Organización para la Liberación de Palestina condenaron a Sadat como traidor por negociar por separado en lugar de como parte de una posición árabe unificada. La Liga Árabe suspendió la membresía de Egipto, y varios estados árabes cortaron las relaciones diplomáticas. Dentro de Egipto, Sadat enfrentó una oposición creciente de fundamentalistas islámicos y líneas duras nacionalistas que veían el tratado como capitulación. Begin también enfrentó crítica doméstica de derechistas israelíes opuestos a ceder el Sinaí.

  Históricamente, el tratado demostró ser duradero. Sigue siendo el único acuerdo de paz entre Israel y un estado árabe (hasta los Acuerdos de Abraham de 2020), y la frontera israelo-egipcia se ha mantenido como una de las más estables de Oriente Medio. El tratado le ganó a Begin y Sadat el Premio Nobel de la Paz en 1978, aunque el apoyo de Sadat a la paz con Israel contribuyó a su asesinato por miembros de la Yihad Islámica Egipcia el 6 de octubre de 1981. El papel de Carter en la mediación del acuerdo se destaca como el logro de política exterior que define su presidencia.
generatedAt: "2026-06-05T01:27:14.327Z"
fr:
lede: Israël et l'Égypte ont mis fin à trois décennies de guerre en signant un traité de paix le 26 mars 1979, après des négociations intensives menées par les États-Unis. L'accord exigeait qu'Israël se retire des territoires occupés depuis 1967 et que l'Égypte reconnaisse formellement Israël en tant qu'État. Ce fut un moment décisif de l'histoire du Moyen-Orient, une décision qui a coûté la vie au président égyptien.
summaryShort: Israël et l'Égypte ont signé un traité de paix historique le 26 mars 1979, mettant fin à 30 ans de conflit et faisant de l'Égypte la première nation arabe à reconnaître formellement Israël.
summaryLong: |-
  Le 26 mars 1979, le Premier ministre israélien Menachem Begin et le président égyptien Anwar Sadat ont signé le traité de paix Israël-Égypte sur la pelouse de la Maison-Blanche, en présence du président américain Jimmy Carter qui en a été le témoin et l'architecte. L'accord a mis fin à l'état de guerre entre les deux nations qui persistait depuis la fondation d'Israël en 1948, marquée par quatre conflits majeurs incluant la dévastatrice guerre du Kippour de 1973. Carter avait orchestré cette percée lors de 13 jours de négociations intensives à Camp David en septembre 1978, où Begin et Sadat ont élaboré le cadre qui deviendrait le traité.

  Les termes essentiels de l'accord étaient simples mais majeurs : Israël se retirerait de la péninsule du Sinaï, qu'il occupait depuis 1967, la restituant entièrement au contrôle égyptien avant avril 1982. En échange, l'Égypte reconnaissait formellement le droit d'Israël à exister et acceptait d'établir des relations diplomatiques, un revirement dramatique pour la nation arabe la plus peuplée. Les deux pays établiraient des ambassades, permettraient le libre passage par le canal de Suez et normaliseraient le commerce. Pour Sadat, le traité promettait une aide économique et la restauration du territoire égyptien ; pour Begin, il signifiait l'élimination de la plus grande menace militaire d'Israël et la sécurisation de sa frontière sud.

  Le pacte ne s'est pas fait sans coût. Les nations arabes et l'Organisation de libération de la Palestine ont condamné Sadat comme traître pour avoir négocié séparément plutôt que dans le cadre d'une position arabe unie. La Ligue arabe a suspendu l'adhésion de l'Égypte, et plusieurs États arabes ont rompu les relations diplomatiques. En Égypte même, Sadat a fait face à une opposition croissante des fondamentalistes islamiques et des nationalistes conservateurs qui voyaient le traité comme une capitulation. Begin, également, a fait face à des critiques au sein du pays de la part des militants de droite opposés au retrait du Sinaï.

  Historiquement, le traité s'est avéré durable. Il reste le seul accord de paix entre Israël et un État arabe (jusqu'aux Accords d'Abraham de 2020), et la frontière israélo-égyptienne s'est maintenue comme l'une des plus stables du Moyen-Orient. Le traité a valu à Begin et Sadat le prix Nobel de la paix en 1978, bien que l'engagement de Sadat pour la paix avec Israël ait contribué à son assassinat par des membres du Jihad islamique égyptien le 6 octobre 1981. Le rôle de Carter dans la médiation de cet accord reste la réussite majeure de sa politique étrangère en tant que président.
generatedAt: "2026-06-05T01:27:20.916Z"
de:
lede: Israel und Ägypten beendeten drei Jahrzehnte Krieg durch die Unterzeichnung eines Friedensvertrags am 26. März 1979 nach intensiven, von den USA vermittelten Verhandlungen. Die Vereinbarung verpflichtete Israel, sich aus Territorium zurückzuziehen, das es seit 1967 besetzt hatte, und Ägypten, Israel als Staat formell anzuerkennen. Dies war ein Wendepunkt in der Geschichte des Nahen Ostens – und eine Entscheidung, die das Leben des ägyptischen Präsidenten kostete.
summaryShort: Israel und Ägypten unterzeichneten am 26. März 1979 einen historischen Friedensvertrag, der 30 Jahre Konflikt beendete und Ägypten zur ersten arabischen Nation machte, die Israel formell anerkannte.
summaryLong: |-
  Am 26. März 1979 unterzeichneten Israels Premierminister Menachem Begin und Ägyptens Präsident Anwar Sadat den israelisch-ägyptischen Friedensvertrag auf dem Rasen des Weißen Hauses, wobei der amerikanische Präsident Jimmy Carter als Zeuge und Architekt fungierte. Die Vereinbarung beendete den Kriegszustand zwischen den beiden Nationen, der seit Israels Gründung 1948 andauerte und durch vier große Konflikte gekennzeichnet war, einschließlich des verheerenden Jom-Kippur-Krieges 1973. Carter hatte den Durchbruch während 13 Tage intensiver Verhandlungen in Camp David im September 1978 orchestriert, wo Begin und Sadat das Rahmenwerk erarbeiteten, das zum Vertrag werden sollte.

  Die Kernbedingungen des Deals waren einfach, aber weitreichend: Israel würde sich aus der Sinai-Halbinsel zurückziehen, die es seit 1967 besetzt hatte, und sie bis April 1982 vollständig unter ägyptische Kontrolle zurückgeben. Im Gegenzug erkannte Ägypten Israels Existenzrecht formell an und stimmte der Aufnahme diplomatischer Beziehungen zu – ein drastischer Wandel für die bevölkerungsreichste Nation der arabischen Welt. Die beiden Länder würden Botschaften errichten, freien Durchgang durch den Suezkanal ermöglichen und Handel normalisieren. Für Sadat versprach der Vertrag wirtschaftliche Hilfe und die Wiederherstellung ägyptischen Territoriums; für Begin bedeutete er, Israels größte militärische Bedrohung zu beseitigen und seine südliche Grenze zu sichern.

  Der Pakt war nicht ohne Kosten. Arabische Nationen und die Palästinensische Befreiungsorganisation verurteilten Sadat als Verräter, weil er separat verhandelt hatte, anstatt als Teil einer einheitlichen arabischen Position. Die Arabische Liga setzte Ägyptens Mitgliedschaft aus, und mehrere arabische Staaten unterbrachen diplomatische Beziehungen. Im Inland sah sich Sadat mit wachsender Opposition durch islamische Fundamentalisten und nationalistische Hardliner konfrontiert, die den Vertrag als Kapitulation sahen. Begin musste sich auch der innerstaatlichen Kritik von israelischen Rechtsextremen gegenübersehen, die gegen die Aufgabe des Sinai waren.

  Historisch erwies sich der Vertrag als dauerhaft. Er bleibt das einzige Friedensabkommen zwischen Israel und einem arabischen Staat (bis zu den Abraham-Abkommen von 2020), und die israelisch-ägyptische Grenze hat sich als eine der stabilsten im Nahen Osten erhalten. Der Vertrag brachte Begin und Sadat 1978 den Friedensnobelpreis ein, obwohl Sadats Befürwortung des Friedens mit Israel zu seiner Ermordung durch Mitglieder des Ägyptischen Islamischen Jihad am 6. Oktober 1981 beitrug. Carters Rolle bei der Vermittlung des Deals gilt als die bestimmende außenpolitische Leistung seiner Präsidentschaft.
generatedAt: "2026-06-05T01:27:28.965Z"
geo:
lat: 30.8124247
lng: 34.8594762
place: Israel
note: Location inferred from recap.country via OSM Nominatim.
significance: 25
