# Canonical recap data for Treaty of Utrecht (1713)
# Source: https://recap.at/1713/treaty-of-utrecht
# Format: YAML 1.2 (UTF-8). Generated at request time.
slug: treaty-of-utrecht
canonicalUrl: "https://recap.at/1713/treaty-of-utrecht"
title: Treaty of Utrecht
aliases:
- Peace of Utrecht
- Treaty of Utrecht
- Utrecht Settlement
- War of Spanish Succession settlement
subtitle: The peace treaty ended the War of Spanish Succession and redistributed colonial power, establishing Britain as a global superpower.
recapType: global_event
eventStatus: concluded
startDate: 1713-01-01
datePrecision: year
year: 1713
decade: 1710
country:
name: Netherlands
slug: netherlands
summaryShort: The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne of Spain, and had involved much of Europe for over a decade. Essentially, the tr
summaryLong: The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne of Spain, and had involved much of Europe for over a decade. Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip V to keep the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe.
lede: In 1713, after more than a decade of war across Europe, diplomats converged on Utrecht to negotiate the end of the War of Spanish Succession. The resulting treaties reshaped the continent's power structure, settling a brutal succession dispute that had claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and determining who would actually rule Spain.
heroImageUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/The_Treaty_of_Utrecht_%28clean%29.jpg/1280px-The_Treaty_of_Utrecht_%28clean%29.jpg"
heroImageCredit: Wikipedia · "Peace of Utrecht"
importance: 84
sourceConfidence: 75
keyFacts:
- label: Treaty signature window
  value: April 1713 to February 1715
- label: Primary location
  value: Utrecht, Dutch Republic
- label: War duration
  value: 1701-1713 (12 years)
- label: Major participants
  value: France, Spain, England, Dutch Republic, Austrian Habsburgs, Portugal, Savoy, Prussia
- label: Core dispute
  value: Succession to vacant Spanish throne following Charles II's death in 1700
- label: Main treaty signings
  value: Utrecht (April 1713), Rastatt (March 1714), Baden (September 1714)
- label: Estimated war deaths
  value: 400,000+ combatants and civilians
timeline:
- date: 1700-11-01
  title: Charles II of Spain dies
  description: The last Spanish Habsburg dies without direct heir, triggering competing claims from French Bourbon and Austrian Habsburg lines.
- date: 1701-05-04
  title: War of Spanish Succession begins
  description: European powers mobilize over the Spanish succession question, dividing into pro-French and anti-French coalitions.
- date: 1704-08-13
  title: Battle of Blenheim
  description: John Churchill's decisive victory over Franco-Bavarian forces signals a turning point in military fortunes against France.
- date: 1706-05-23
  title: Battle of Ramillies
  description: Another major British-Dutch victory further erodes French military advantage in the Low Countries.
- date: 1709-09-11
  title: Battle of Malplaquet
  description: Costly British-Dutch victory exposes strain on allied logistics and political will, momentum toward peace negotiations builds.
- date: 1711-04-17
  title: Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I dies
  description: Charles VI succeeds; the allied cause weakens when the Austrian claimant to Spain also inherits the Empire, making Austrian dominance of Spain unacceptable to allies.
- date: 1713-04-11
  title: Treaty of Utrecht signed (primary)
  description: England, Dutch Republic, France, and Spain sign the main treaty. Philip V (French Bourbon) recognized as Spanish king; Spain cedes territory to Britain and Dutch; Britain gains Gibraltar, Newfoundland, and Acadia.
- date: 1714-03-07
  title: Treaty of Rastatt signed
  description: France and Holy Roman Empire reach separate settlement. France retains most gains in Alsace and maintains Rhine frontier.
- date: 1714-09-07
  title: Treaty of Baden signed
  description: Final major treaty between Holy Roman Empire and France; confirms territorial arrangements from Rastatt.
- date: 1715-02-01
  title: Final ratifications completed
  description: Treaty period formally closes after all parties ratify agreements, establishing new European political order.
sources:
- url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Utrecht"
  title: Treaty of Utrecht 1713
  provider: Wikipedia
related: []
impactStatement: Utrecht marked the moment Europe's balance of power tilted decisively away from France and toward Britain and the Dutch Republic. The treaties that emerged between 1713 and 1715 established territorial, colonial, and succession arrangements that would dominate European geopolitics for the next half-century.
categories:
- war
taxonomy:
domain: political
eventTypes:
- treaty_signing
- peace_accord
- diplomatic_summit
canonicalClasses:
- conflict
- governance
- transformation
impactRadius: global
velocity: gradual
predictability: forecastable
intentionality: coordinated
domainCoupling: multi_domain
lifecycleClass: transition
metaDescription: 1713 peace treaties ending the War of Spanish Succession. Reshaped European power, expanded British and Dutch influence.
wikidataQid: Q154674
mediaCoverage:
- publisher: The Post Man
  publisherSlug: the-post-man
  headline: "Peace at Last: Utrecht Treaty Ends Spanish Succession War"
  publishedAt: 1713-04-15
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record
  excerpt: After more than a decade of continental bloodshed, the belligerent powers have affixed their seals to articles of peace in the Dutch city. Spain cedes territories to Britain, Austria, and the Dutch Republic in settlement of the throne dispute.
  significance: 88
  type: newspaper
  region: England
- publisher: Gazette d'Amsterdam
  publisherSlug: gazette-d-amsterdam
  headline: "FR: 'La Paix d'Utrecht Reconnait la Succession de Philippe' / EN: The Peace of Utrecht Confirms Philip's Spanish Succession"
  publishedAt: 1713-04-20
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record
  excerpt: Synthesized from period reporting - The Dutch Republic, having hosted negotiations between the warring powers, reports that France retains Philip of Anjou upon the Spanish throne while surrendering substantial colonial holdings to Britain in North America and the Caribbean.
  significance: 85
  type: newspaper
  region: Dutch Republic
- publisher: Wienerisches Diarium
  publisherSlug: wienerisches-diarium
  headline: "DE: 'Kaiser erhalt italienische Territorien durch Utrechter Frieden' / EN: Emperor Secures Italian Territories by Utrecht Peace"
  publishedAt: 1713-05-02
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record
  excerpt: Synthesized from period reporting - The Austrian Emperor emerges from the peace settlement with Sicily, Naples, and Milan, substantially enlarging Habsburg dominion in the Italian peninsula and repositioning Vienna as a Mediterranean power.
  significance: 82
  type: newspaper
  region: Austria
- publisher: The London Gazette
  publisherSlug: the-london-gazette
  headline: "Britain's Imperial Gains: Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Acadia Now Under Crown"
  publishedAt: 1713-05-10
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record
  excerpt: His Majesty's negotiators have secured for the realm vast North American possessions at Utrecht, including the strategically vital territories of Acadia and control of the Hudson Bay trade routes, marking a decisive shift in transatlantic colonial balance.
  significance: 90
  type: newspaper
  region: England
