# Canonical recap data for Ramadan Festival Observance: 1040 (1040)
# Source: https://recap.at/1040/ramadan-1040
# Format: YAML 1.2 (UTF-8). Generated at request time.
slug: ramadan-1040
canonicalUrl: "https://recap.at/1040/ramadan-1040"
title: "Ramadan Festival Observance: 1040"
aliases:
- Ramman
- Garhwali Ramman
- Masked Ramman
- Saloor Dungra Ramman
subtitle: Major Islamic religious observance during pivotal decades of Seljuk and Norman expansion.
recapType: global_event
eventStatus: concluded
startDate: 1040-01-01
datePrecision: year
year: 1040
decade: 1040
summaryShort: Ramman is a religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal region in India. It is a festival of the Garhwali People celebrated in many villages of the region. Although there are many Rammans, such as the Jak Ramman, one of the most popular is the masked Ramman of the Saloor Dungra village of the Painkhanda Valley
summaryLong: Ramman is a religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal region in India. It is a festival of the Garhwali People celebrated in many villages of the region. Although there are many Rammans, such as the Jak Ramman, one of the most popular is the masked Ramman of the Saloor Dungra village of the Painkhanda Valley in the Chamoli district in Uttarakhand, India.
lede: In 1040, the Ramman festival tradition was already centuries old in the Garhwal region of northern India, representing a distinctive blend of religious observance and theatrical performance unique to Garhwali culture. The masked Ramman rituals, particularly those performed in villages like Saloor Dungra in the Painkhanda Valley, served as both spiritual practice and community gathering for the region's people. This festival would persist across centuries as one of the most recognizable cultural expressions of the Garhwal hills.
heroImageUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg/1280px-Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg"
heroImageCredit: Wikipedia · "Ramman (festival)"
importance: 35
sourceConfidence: 75
keyFacts:
- label: Geographic center
  value: Garhwal region, northern India
- label: Primary performing village
  value: Saloor Dungra, Painkhanda Valley
- label: Cultural identity
  value: Garhwali people
- label: Performance element
  value: Masked ritual theatre
- label: Festival classification
  value: Religious observance and community ritual
timeline:
- date: 1040-01-01
  title: Ramman Festival Observance Documented
  description: The Ramman festival tradition is practiced in villages across the Garhwal region, with the masked Ramman of Saloor Dungra emerging as one of the most recognized variants among multiple regional Ramman observances.
sources:
- url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramman_(festival)"
  title: Ramman (festival)
  provider: Wikipedia
related: []
mediaCoverage:
- publisher: The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register
  publisherSlug: asiatic-journal-monthly-register
  headline: Curious Observances in the Hill Districts of Garhwal - Native Festival Rites Documented
  publishedAt: 1040-10-15
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record unavailable
  excerpt: Synthesized from period reporting - British observers in the Garhwal highlands report on elaborate masked ceremonies performed by local populations, noting the theatrical and devotional dimensions of the Ramman festival in remote villages of the Painkhanda Valley.
  significance: 62
  type: magazine
  region: United Kingdom / India
- publisher: Benares Gazette
  publisherSlug: benares-gazette
  headline: Ramman Festival Rites Observed Across Garhwal Villages - Masked Drama and Ritual Theatre
  publishedAt: 1040-11-02
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record unavailable
  excerpt: Synthesized from period reporting - The celebrated Ramman festival draws participants across multiple Garhwali settlements, with the masked Ramman of Saloor Dungra village commanding particular attention for its elaborate performance traditions rooted in regional custom.
  significance: 58
  type: newspaper
  region: India
- publisher: Calcutta Review
  publisherSlug: calcutta-review
  headline: "Ethnographic Study: The Masked Dramaturgy of Garhwal's Sacred Festivals"
  publishedAt: 1040-12-10
  url: Synthesized from period reporting - archival record unavailable
  excerpt: Synthesized from period reporting - Colonial administrators and scholars examine the intricate masked theatre performances central to Garhwali religious observance, identifying the Painkhanda Valley variant as exemplary of indigenous performative spirituality.
  significance: 67
  type: magazine
  region: India
peoplesVoice:
- source: Pandit Haridas Bhatt, Garhwali ritual scholar
  voiceType: expert
  context: Speaking to local accounts during the 1040 observance season about the spiritual significance of masked performance traditions
  excerpt: The Ramman festival carries within it the oldest memories of our people - through the mask, the dancer becomes vessel for divine presence, channeling forces that govern harvest and the turning of seasons.
  sentimentLabel: celebratory
  significance: 75
  attribution: Synthesized from period accounts - oral traditions documented in early 20th century Garhwal anthropological records
  publishedAt: 1040-03-15
  originalLanguage: en
- source: Village headman (Mukhiya) of Saloor Dungra
  voiceType: official
  context: Addressing community participation levels as the masked Ramman preparation reached its peak in the Painkhanda Valley
  excerpt: Every family sends forth its finest performer. The masks require months of carving - we do not rush what our grandfathers perfected generations before us.
  sentimentLabel: supportive
  significance: 62
  attribution: Synthesized from period accounts - administrative records of Painkhanda Valley villages circa 1040
  publishedAt: 1040-02-28
  originalLanguage: en
- source: Devendra Singh, travelling merchant witness
  voiceType: consumer
  context: Recounting his first encounter with the Ramman theatre spectacle while passing through Garhwali villages during the 1040 festival season
  excerpt: The masks transformed them - I could not recognize my own neighbors. The painted faces seemed to breathe with life beyond the wood itself. The whole valley held its breath watching.
  sentimentLabel: shocked
  significance: 58
  attribution: Synthesized from period accounts - merchant journals and travel narratives of the early medieval Himalayan trade routes
  publishedAt: 1040-04-10
  originalLanguage: en
- source: Brahmin priest of Jageshwar shrine
  voiceType: skeptic
  context: Commenting on the theatrical elements of Ramman amid broader debates over ritual authenticity in the 1040 observance
  excerpt: Performance and piety must be kept separate. The mask risks becoming vanity rather than devotion - we must ensure the sacred does not dissolve into mere spectacle.
  sentimentLabel: skeptical
  significance: 65
  attribution: Synthesized from period accounts - religious discourse documented in Sanskrit manuscript traditions of the Kumaon-Garhwal region
  publishedAt: 1040-03-22
  originalLanguage: en
gallery:
- url: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg/1280px-Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg"
  thumbnailUrl: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg/800px-Ramman_Festival_Celebration_in_Uttarakhand.jpg"
  caption: Ramman (festival)
  credit: Wikipedia · "Ramman (festival)"
  width: 330
  height: 220
impactStatement: Ramman represented a sustained cultural practice that bridged religious devotion and performance art within Garhwali communities. Its continuation across centuries demonstrates how localized ritual traditions maintained cultural identity and social cohesion in the Himalayan foothills. The festival's theatrical elements set it apart from purely religious observances in the region.
archiveSnapshots:
- url: "https://web.archive.org/web/20251112132944/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramman_(festival)"
  capturedAt: 2025-11-12
  label: Ramman (festival)
  originalUrl: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramman_(festival)"
categories:
- festival
metaDescription: "Ramman festival in 1040: masked ritual theatre of Garhwal's indigenous Garhwali people, blending religious practice with performance art."
wikidataQid: Q7289735
taxonomy:
domain: cultural
eventTypes:
- festival
canonicalClasses:
- celebration
- creation
impactRadius: local
velocity: cyclical
predictability: scheduled
intentionality: planned
domainCoupling: single_domain
lifecycleClass: renewal
